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Understanding and predicting fish performance in ponds

Understanding and predicting fish performance in ponds can be relatively difficult without the prior knowledge of how water parameters influence fish behaviour. This is due to poor knowledge of fish water chemistry. For example Africa catfish grown naturally on fresh water body such as rivers, streams and lakes with high oxygen content
Fish, unlike other animals, feed and defeacate inside the same water where they live and the quality of the water inside which they live directly affects feed efficiency, rate of growth, survival and the state of health of the fish.
When water quality depreciates, consumed feed is not properly converted into body flesh. Poor growth is recorded, fish survival is affected and ultimately massive fish kills may occur.
In fish production, key water quality parameters which need to be continually monitored are temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and ammonia.
Due to dynamics within the ponds, these parameters could change at short notices. I desire to share my experience and observation with fish farmers concerning the various ways in which the fluctuations of these water parameters could influence fish health, fish growth and fish survival.

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